In 1989, the English physicist tim berners-Lee worked as researcher in the CERN, a physical particle laboratory next to Geneva. In that year, Berners-Lee ordered for its heads in the institute a pparently incompressible report, with the heading Information Management: the Proposal (Management of Information: a Proposal). It described what he imagined to be a world-wide net of computers, the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee spoke of linked texts for hyperlinks. You link would clicaria in one - it could be a word, image or icon - and would be directed for other pages. Its superiors had answered to the report with the following commentary: “Vacant, but instigante”. Berners-Lee continued its research. In 1991, the idea gained form. The Internet was born. Berners-Lee assured its place in History as the man who revolutionized the world of the communications. Less than 20 years later, it wants to make another revolution.
New the proposal of Berners-Lee is to create a more intelligent Internet. The idea already gained name: web 3.0. It would be one third step in the evolution of the Internet. To understand this step, she is necessary to remember as the Internet evolved. In 1994, it had only 10 a thousand pages in the virtual net. At that time, the responsible ones for a page only could place information in web. It was the age of the great vestibules, as Yahoo! , AOL and Uol. Web was an almost infinite repository of content, but a unidirectional content. Today, if it considers that this age web 1.0. With the time, the Internet left of being a road of only hand. In recent years, the sites of bigger success have been the ones that allow that the users place in air the proper content. The Wikipédia turned the great symbol this transformation. It is an encyclopedia where verbetes is created and edited for the users. The YouTube is another example. Internautas postam its videos. The wisdom of the masses turned the key in the net, then baptized of web 2.0.
With everybody participating, the tools that allow to find, in the way it chaos of information had gained importance, what it is excellent for the user. One of the exits is adopted by the site of Flickr photos. In the Flickr, any person can publish its photos. When she places them in air, it fills a virtual label species, with words that describe the subject related to those images. If you to postar photos of its new poodle, can write the words “dog”, “totó”, “poodle” and the name of the animal. This aid another person, whom it searches with some of these words, to find the photos of its poodle. It seems little, but this became possible to identify to a photo in way the thousand of others. However, the person who still looks photos has to try to guess which word-key is on to the subject that she is searching. The ambition of Berners-Lee is to create a system where the computer understands what you want and make the search for you. This would be the essence of web 3.0.
He seems precipitated to speak in web 3,0 if the majority of internautas still nor understood right the concept of web 2.0. But an increasing chain of studious identifies web 3,0 as a net where the computers understand semantics. They would understand the meaning of the words that we use in the net. They would make associations of ideas from them. Exactly that you it does not know to type accurately what wants in a site of search or purchases on-line, the computers of that service would interpret its order and would take you until the sites or products that really interest to it. The first steps in this direction already had been given by some sites, as the bookstore on-line Amazon. If you purchase regularly in the Amazon, the computers of the site interpret its preferences and risk palpites on books that you would like to read.
He seems precipitated to speak in web 3,0 if the majority of internautas still nor understood right the concept of web 2.0. But an increasing chain of studious identifies web 3,0 as a net where the computers understand semantics. They would understand the meaning of the words that we use in the net. They would make associations of ideas from them. Exactly that you it does not know to type accurately what wants in a site of search or purchases on-line, the computers of that service would interpret its order and would take you until the sites or products that really interest to it. The first steps in this direction already had been given by some sites, as the bookstore on-line Amazon. If you purchase regularly in the Amazon, the computers of the site interpret its preferences and risk palpites on books that you would like to read.
What it can come to be web 3,0 is glimpsed by some services on-line in development. One of them is a buscador of the Networks Radar, a small company of San Francisco, in California. A common buscador, as the Google, finds millions of sites from one or more word-key that you keyboard key. The computer of the Radar would evaluate the relevance of the sites, from the content of each page. If you to use a keyboard “São Paulo” and “teams” in search of information on the club in the Google, it it will present all the sites that contain these words. But it does not go to indicate those that say of the São Paulo Soccer Club and they do not use the word “teams”. Already the buscador of the Radar would enter in each site and “it would understand” when the subject is soccer. With this, it would know if the page deals with São Paulo as teams or city. E would present for you the sites with more information on the teams. Another service route to the 3,0 is the Joost, a site created by Janus Friis, a Danish of 30 years, and Niklas Zennström, a Swedish of 40. They intend to destronar the YouTube with a site that analyzes its preferences and indicates programs of TV for you
A promising experiment also is a system of computers called KnowItAll, developed for the University of Washington. One of the technologies of this system is Opine, a program that evaluates hotels. How it makes this? From the commentaries left for the guests of these hotels. The researchers of the KnowItAll had selected a group of students, who had visited some hotels. In a page of the Internet, them they postavam, as in one blog common, commentaries on its stay. The computer of the KnowItAll read the texts and “it understood” what each student had said on the questions temperature of the room, comfort of the bed and price. Later, the computer compared the evaluations of the students, trying to guess which had similar gostos. With these information, the system was capable to recommend, in definitive city, which optimum hotel for each student.
Some scholars of weight do not believe the potential of web 3.0. “This level of artificial intelligence, with machines thinking instead of following simple commands, has magic researchers for more than half century”, said the journalist John Markoff, in an article that turned reference for the skeptics. According to them, the first difficulty is to develop programs that allow the computer to read and to understand texts with interpretation subtilities. Any person who uses an automatic translator knows that the essence of the main text can be preserved, but nuances of style, synonymous and ambiguous words are problematic.
The defenders of web 3,0 say that the advances in this area are fast. Exactly thus, this period of training alone will be reached daqui the ten years. Today, Berners-Lee leads a called group of research W3C, that acts in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The W3C congregates scientists in search of new technologies that can be used in standardized way. They want to construct this intelligent Internet, managed for systems that they know to read and to write. The expression “vacant, but instigante”, that the heads of Berners-Lee had used have 18 years, is again applicable.
The defenders of web 3,0 say that the advances in this area are fast. Exactly thus, this period of training alone will be reached daqui the ten years. Today, Berners-Lee leads a called group of research W3C, that acts in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The W3C congregates scientists in search of new technologies that can be used in standardized way. They want to construct this intelligent Internet, managed for systems that they know to read and to write. The expression “vacant, but instigante”, that the heads of Berners-Lee had used have 18 years, is again applicable.
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